Category: Swift

Understanding Value and Reference Types in Swift

http://alejandromp.com/blog/2014/8/30/understanding-value-and-reference-types-in-swift/

DataStructureTest.playground

// Enumeration & Class & Structure: Playground – noun: a place where people can play
// 2015.09.21 Kyoung Shin Park @ Dankook University

import Cocoa

func sayHello(personName: String = “World”) -> String {
let greeting = “Hello, ” + personName + “!”
return greeting
}
print(sayHello())
print(sayHello(“Anna”))

// Enumeration
enum Gender {
case Female
case Male
init() { // initialization
self = .Female
}
init(_ name: String)
{
switch name {
case “Female”, “여자”: self = .Female
case “Male”, “남자”: self = .Male
default: self = .Female
}
}
var description: String {
switch self {
case .Female: return “FEMALE~”
case .Male: return “MALE~”
}
}
}
var gender = Gender()
print(gender.description)
gender = Gender(“남자”)
print(gender.description)
gender = Gender.Female
gender = .Male
print(Gender.Male.description)

switch gender {
case .Female: print(“FEMALE!!”)
case .Male: print(“MALE!!”)
}

// Enum, multiple member values can appear on a single line, separated by commas
// Enum rawValue
enum Planet: Int {
case Mercury=1, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
}
let earthID = Planet.Earth.rawValue
let somePlanet = Planet.Earth
switch somePlanet {
case .Earth:
print(“Mostly harmless”)
default:
print(“Not a safe place for humans”)
}
let aPlanet = Planet(rawValue: 7)
switch aPlanet! {
case .Earth:
print(“Mostly harmless”)
default:
print(“Not a safe place for humans”)
}
if let possiblePlanet = Planet(rawValue: 9) {
switch possiblePlanet {
case .Earth:
print(“Mostly harmless”)
default:
print(“Not a safe place for humans”)
}
} else {
print(“There isn’t a planet at position 9”)
}

// Enum associated values
enum TrainStatus {
case OnTime
case Delayed(Int)
}
var status:TrainStatus = .Delayed(5)
status = .OnTime
switch status {
case .OnTime:
print(“Train is on time”)
case .Delayed(let minutes):
print(“Train is delayed by \(minutes) minutes”)
}
// class
class Vehicle {
// stored properties
var numberOfPassengers: Int = 2
var numberOfWheels: Int = 4

// computed properties
var NumberOfWheels: Int {
get { return numberOfWheels }
set { numberOfWheels = newValue }
}
var description: String {
return “\(numberOfWheels) number of wheels”
}
}

class Bicycle: Vehicle {
override init() {
super.init()
numberOfPassengers = 1
numberOfWheels = 2
}
}

class Car: Vehicle {
// stored properties
var minVelocity: Int = 30
var accelVelocity: Int = 10
// computed properties
var speed: Int {
get {
return minVelocity + accelVelocity
}
set(newVelocity) {
accelVelocity = newVelocity – minVelocity
}
}
override init() {
super.init()
numberOfWheels = 5
}
override var description: String {
return “\(numberOfWheels) number of wheels with \(speed) speeds”
}
}
let aVehicle = Vehicle()
print(aVehicle.description)
aVehicle.numberOfWheels = 6
print(aVehicle.description)
let aBike = Bicycle()
print(aBike.description)
let aCar = Car()
print(aCar.description)
// structure
struct Frame {
var x: Int, y: Int // stored properties
var width: Int, height: Int // stored properties
var area: Int { // computed properties (getter)
return width * height
}
mutating func addWidth (width: Int) {
self.width += width // mutating modifies the value of a stored property in struct
}
}

let f = Frame(x:5, y:10, width:100, height:100)
print(f.width)
//f.width = 250 // invalid (due to let)

var g = Frame(x:5, y:10, width:100, height:100)
g.addWidth(15) // use mutating func to modify the value of a stored property in struct
print(g.width)

let h = Frame(x:5, y:10, width:100, height:100)
//h.addWidth(15) // compiler error (can’t call mutating func of struct stored in a let)
print(h.width)

ArrayDictionaryTest.playground

// Array & Dictionary: Playground – noun: a place where people can play
// 2015.09.20 Kyoung Shin Park @ Dankook University

import UIKit

var a = Array<String>()
var b = [String]()
var c = [Int](count: 3, repeatedValue: 1)

let animals = [“Giraffe”, “Cow”, “Dog”, “Cat”]
//animals.append(“Bird”) // due to let
var animal = animals[1]
//var animal2 = animals[5] // due to out of bounds
for animal in animals {
print(animal)
}
for (index, value) in animals.enumerate() {
print(“animals[\(index)]=\(value)”)
}

b.append(“Egg”)
b += [“Cocoa”, “Milk”, “Flour”]
b[1…3] = [“Apple”, “Butter”]
print(b)

c.insert(4, atIndex: 1)
c.insertContentsOf([5,6], at: 2)
c.removeAtIndex(1)
c.removeRange(0..<2)
c.replaceRange(0…1, with: [8,9,7])
let sorted = c.sort { $0 < $1 }
for value in sorted {
print(value)
}

// map, filter, reduce
var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
var arr1 = arr.map { (x)->Int in return x+1 }
print(arr1)
var arr2 = arr.map { (x)->Int in return x*2 }
print(arr2)
var arr3 = arr.filter { (x)->Bool in return x%2 == 0 }
print(arr3)
var sum = arr.reduce(0, combine: { (result, x)->Int in return result+x } )
print(sum)
let sum2: Int = arr.reduce(0) { $0 + $1 }
print(sum2)
let stringified = arr.map { “\($0)” }
print(stringified)

// dictionary
var planets1 = Dictionary<String, Int>() //empty dictionary
var planets = [String: Int]() // empty dictionary
planets = [ “Mercury”:1, “Venus”:2
] // assign
planets[“Mars”] = 3 // append
for (key, value) in planets {
print(“\(key) = \(value)”)
}
planets[“Mars”] = 4 // replace
for (key, value) in planets {
print(“\(key) = \(value)”)
}
let earth = planets[“Earth”] // earth is an Int? (should be nil)
if earth == nil {
print(“Earth is not found”)
} else {
let earthID = earth!
print(“Earth = \(earthID)”)
}
planets[“Earth”] = 3 // append Earth
// optional binding
if let earthID = planets[“Earth”] {
print(“Earth = \(earthID)”)
}

StringTest.playground

//: Playground – noun: a place where people can play

import Cocoa

var letters: [Character] = [“c”, “a”, “f”, “e”]

var cafe = String(letters)

print(letters.count)

print(cafe)

print(cafe.characters.count)

let string1 = “”

var string2: NSString = “Hello”

switch (string2) {

case let string2 as NSString:

print(“string2 is NSString”)

case let string2 as String:

print(“string2 is String”)

default:

print(“None of those”)

}

var len = string2.length

var string3 = String(“Hello”)

string3 += ” World”

string3.append(Character(“!”))

var string4 = String(count: 7, repeatedValue: Character(“A”))

var string5 = NSString()

var string9 = NSString(string: “Hello”)

var string6 = NSMutableString(capacity: 10)

var total = 100

var string7 = “\(string3)! total=\(total)”

var string8: NSString = string7

//var string10: String = string3.stringByAppendingFormat(” append %@”, total)

//print(string10)

string5 = string2.stringByAppendingFormat(” append %@”, string8)

print(string8)

print(string8.description)

var str = “Hello”

var world = ” World”

var smile = “?”

var mark = “!~”

var combined = str + mark

var combined2 = (str + world).stringByAppendingString(smile)

var len2 = combined2.characters.count

// length

var length = combined.characters.count

var len3 = combined.startIndex.distanceTo(combined.endIndex)

var len4 = (combined as NSString).length

// print char of string

for char in combined.characters {

print(char)

}

print(combined2.lowercaseString)

print(combined2.uppercaseString)

print(combined2.capitalizedString)

if let range = combined.rangeOfString(“ello”) { // contains

print(“ello”)

}

else {

print(“none”)

}

var trail = combined.substringWithRange(Range<String.Index>(start: str.endIndex, end: combined.endIndex))

print(“combined = \(combined)”)

let startIndex = combined.startIndex.advancedBy(2)

let endIndex = combined.startIndex.advancedBy(5)

//combined.insert(“^”, atIndex: combined.endIndex)

//let question : Character = “?”

//combined.append(question)

//print(combined)

combined.insert(“a”, atIndex: startIndex)

combined.insertContentsOf(“bc”.characters, at: startIndex.successor())

combined.removeAtIndex(combined.endIndex.predecessor())

print(combined)

let substring = combined[startIndex..<endIndex]

print(“substring = \(substring)”)

var sub2 = combined.substringWithRange(Range<String.Index>(start: startIndex, end: endIndex))

print(sub2)

var myString = “Seoul, New York, Tokyo LA”

var myArray = myString.componentsSeparatedByString(“,”)

for s in myArray {

print(s)

}

var myArray2 = myString.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: “, “))

for s in myArray2 {

print(s)

}

var num = “56.25”

if let range = num.rangeOfString(“.”) {

let wholeNum = num[num.startIndex..<range.startIndex]

print(“wholeNum=\(wholeNum)”)

num.replaceRange(num.startIndex..<range.startIndex, with: “32”)

print(“num=\(num)”)

num.removeRange(num.startIndex..<range.startIndex)

print(“num2=\(num)”)

}

let animals = [“Giraffe”, “Cow”, “Dog”, “Cat”]

//animals.append(“Bird”)

var animal = animals[2]

for (index, value) in animals.enumerate() {

print(“animals[\(index)]=\(value)”)

}

HelloWorld

-label & button & UIAlertController & autolayout

 

//

//  ViewController.swift

//  HelloWorld

//

//  Created by Park on 8/30/15.

//  Copyright © 2015 Park. All rights reserved.

//

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

@IBOutlet weak var label1: UILabel!

 

@IBAction func showMessage(sender: AnyObject) {

label1.text = “Welcome to Swift”

let alertController = UIAlertController(title: “Welcome to my first iOS App”, message: “Hello World”, preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)

alertController.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: “OK”, style: UIAlertActionStyle.Default, handler: nil))

self.presentViewController(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)

}

 

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {

super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()

// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.

}

}

 

 

Arrays are ordered collections of values.

Sets are unordered collections of unique values.

Dictionaries are unordered collections of key-value associations.

AutoLayout

https://s3.amazonaws.com/swiftbook/auto-layout-intro.pdf

 

Hello World

https://s3.amazonaws.com/swiftbook/hello-world-swift.pdf

How the Program Works – Getting Started

https://developer.apple.com/programs/how-it-works/

Start Developing iOS Apps Today

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/referencelibrary/GettingStarted/RoadMapiOS/

Launching Your App on Devices

https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/AppDistributionGuide/LaunchingYourApponDevices/LaunchingYourApponDevices.html